Modelo Lenguaje Prejardín-2º
Consciencia Fonológica
La Consciencia Fonológica nos permite identificar los sonidos que componen las palabras y asociarlos con las letras, creando la base para la lectura. La instrucción en fonética implica enseñar las habilidades de emparejar letras con sus sonidos correspondientes. Aprender a detectar y entender los sonidos en las palabras conduce a la capacidad de decodificar palabras completas. La Consciencia Fonológica de un estudiante joven es un predictor poderoso de qué tan bien aprenderá a leer. Además, se ha demostrado que fuertes asociaciones entre letras y sonidos apoyan las Habilidades Básicas de Escritura tempranas. Los estudiantes que hacen estas conexiones pueden utilizar este conocimiento de los sonidos para deletrear palabras escritas.
Ideas Principales
La Consciencia Fonológica implica una variedad de habilidades:
- Entender si dos palabras comienzan y terminan con los mismos o diferentes sonidos.
- Discriminar si las palabras riman entre sí.
- Entender cómo los sonidos pueden manipularse para formar nuevas palabras.
- Conciencia fonémica: la habilidad de manipular fonemas (sonidos del habla como /p/ o /b/), que son las unidades más pequeñas de sonido en el lenguaje.
La dislexia se define típicamente por la dificultad con la conciencia fonológica, lo que contribuye a dificultades en muchos aspectos del desarrollo de la lectura, incluyendo la Decodificación. La detección y el apoyo tempranos para la dislexia o dificultades con la conciencia fonológica pueden facilitar mejores resultados de aprendizaje y socioemocionales para los estudiantes, incluyendo un aumento en el logro de la lectura y la confianza en actividades relacionadas con el aprendizaje del lenguaje y el aprendizaje académico.
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Referencias
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