Modelo Estudiantes del siglo XXI Prejardín-2º
Bienestar Físico
Los beneficios de la salud física van más allá de nuestros cuerpos: nuestras habilidades cognitivas también mejoran con el estado físico y el bienestar. El bienestar físico implica una nutrición adecuada, ejercicio regular y Sueño de calidad. Los estudiantes con un buen bienestar físico en general se benefician de una mejora en sus habilidades cognitivas, lo que a su vez puede mejorar el rendimiento académico. El bienestar físico, incluyendo el ejercicio, puede ser especialmente importante para aquellos estudiantes con TDAH, ya que puede apoyar la cognición, el estado de ánimo y la concentración.
Ideas Principales
El bienestar físico depende de varios componentes importantes:
Nutrición: Una nutrición adecuada es una parte importante del bienestar físico. La mayoría de los estudiantes en los Estados Unidos no consumen la cantidad diaria recomendada de frutas y verduras, aunque son un componente esencial de una dieta saludable y ayudan a los niños a mantener un peso saludable. A veces, esto se debe al acceso limitado a estos alimentos, particularmente en hogares de estratos económicos más bajos.
Ejercicio regular: El aumento de la participación en actividades físicas impacta directamente en las habilidades cognitivas, llevando a un mejor rendimiento académico. Los Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades recomiendan que los niños de seis años en adelante participen en actividad física durante al menos 60 minutos cada día, la mayoría de los cuales deben ser aeróbicos.
Sueño: Tener una cantidad suficiente de sueño de calidad ayuda al bienestar físico de los estudiantes, incluyendo la salud de su cerebro. Esto a su vez les ayuda a aprender tanto como sea posible en el aula y en su vida diaria.
El bienestar físico también está estrechamente entrelazado con el bienestar psicológico (ver Emoción). Cada uno puede tener un impacto significativo en el otro, y esta interacción en última instancia define la salud general de un estudiante. Por ejemplo, el estrés puede llevar a niveles incrementados de hormonas del estrés, presión arterial alta, obesidad y otros efectos negativos. Sin embargo, la actividad física puede promover el bienestar y el logro académico, porque los estudiantes que tienen la oportunidad de ser físicamente activos a menudo están más alertas después del ejercicio. Esto puede llevar a un aumento de la Atención y la memoria, y puede impulsar el funcionamiento cognitivo de manera más general. Proporcionar pausas de movimiento durante el día escolar puede ayudar a los estudiantes, especialmente aquellos con TDAH, a concentrarse y aprender de manera más efectiva. Las escuelas y educadores pueden apoyar el bienestar físico de los estudiantes proporcionando opciones de alimentos saludables, oportunidades para la actividad física y apoyando el bienestar emocional de los estudiantes.
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