Modelo Estudiantes del siglo XXI Prejardín-2º
Comunicación
La comunicación consiste tanto en la expresión de ideas como en la recepción de ideas, es decir, en escuchar y entender. Para ser un comunicador eficaz, es importante entender que otras personas tienen experiencias, conocimientos y perspectivas diferentes. Es útil tener en cuenta que muchos jóvenes aprendices, incluyendo muchos aprendices multilingües, pueden tener habilidades de escucha/receptivas más fuertes mientras desarrollan su vocabulario expresivo y pueden demostrar su comprensión a través de medios no verbales, como gestos, dibujos, etc.
Ideas Principales
El lenguaje, incluyendo formas verbales y no verbales de comunicación, puede usarse para apoyar el pensamiento y el razonamiento tanto de los aprendices hablantes como no hablantes. Por ejemplo, las etiquetas pueden ayudarnos a pensar de forma abstracta, lo que apoya el pensamiento de orden superior, el razonamiento sobre números y la codificación. Además, la investigación sugiere que el acto de explicar tu pensamiento apoya el aprendizaje. El lenguaje también juega un papel crítico al permitirnos expresar nuestros pensamientos y emociones, así como al permitirnos involucrarnos con los sentimientos de otros. Aprendemos a hacerlo de quienes nos rodean: por ejemplo, una mayor exposición al vocabulario de estado mental permite que los niños entiendan y se comuniquen mejor sobre pensamientos y emociones. Además, la exposición a cuentos desarrolla las habilidades narrativas de los niños, ayudándolos a entender mejor a los demás a su vez.
En la primera infancia, la comunicación ocurre frecuentemente a través del juego y apoya la interacción de los niños en el juego imaginario. Los niños a menudo están comunicando e interpretando continuamente con sus compañeros cuando dirigen el juego, fingen y asumen roles. Los niños involucrados en el juego social de fantasía a menudo narran el contenido de su rol hablando sobre qué hacer y de qué manera debe hacerse. Esta metacomunicación apoya las habilidades emergentes de Metacognición y Autorregulación.
La comunicación es cómo compartimos nuestra cultura, conectando el presente con el pasado a través de tradiciones como la escritura, las tradiciones orales, la música y la danza. Entender y respetar culturas y lenguas diversas, y aprender a comunicarse a través de esta diversidad, es un aspecto central de las habilidades de comunicación. El uso de diferentes lenguajes a lo largo del tiempo puede llevar a los aprendices a dirigir su atención a diferentes aspectos del mundo según cómo funciona su sistema de lenguaje. Por lo tanto, apoyar el uso del lenguaje multilingüe puede ayudar a los aprendices a recurrir a diferentes dominios de conocimiento. Valorar las diferencias lingüísticas de los estudiantes, incluyendo apoyar el uso de su Lengua Materna (incluyendo, por ejemplo, el Inglés Afroamericano), o reconocer y normalizar el uso de la Comunicación Aumentativa y Alternativa (CAA), como tecnología de asistencia, tecnología de traducción, o opciones sin tecnología o de baja tecnología, como la comunicación por intercambio de imágenes, puede permitirles expresarse con confianza y mantener y compartir un aspecto central de su cultura e Identidad.
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